Upper back

Rhomboid major

Retracts and downwardly rotates the scapula and helps hold it against the thoracic wall

Origin: Spinous processes of the upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: Medial border of the scapula from the scapular spine to the inferior angle
Primary actions: Retracts and downwardly rotates the scapula and helps hold it against the thoracic wall

Anatomy source

OpenStax Anatomy and Physiology 2e — Pectoral Girdle and Upper Limbs

Open reference

Educational anatomy reference only. This page does not diagnose pain, injury, or movement limitations.

From anatomy to action

Explore the movement, not just the muscle.

A single muscle rarely explains a movement by itself. Use the related movement content to see how this anatomy may contribute, then choose a focused program when you want a complete progression.

Movement guides and exercises

Capacity focus

Rounded Shoulders

Explore shoulder and upper-back positions that make reaching, pushing, and pulling feel easier.

Open movement guide

Capacity focus

Forward Head Posture

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Open movement guide

Complete guided progressions

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These programs include this muscle through a related guide or corrective recipe.

Neck & Shoulder Reset Anterior Humeral Glide Fix